swcopy(8)

Contents

NAME

       swcopy -- Copy POSIX and RPM packages.

SYNOPSIS

       swcopy [-p] [-s source_file] [-f file] [-t targetfile] \
       [-x option=value] [-X options_file] [-W option] \
       [software_selections] [@target [target1...]]

DESCRIPTION

       swcopy copies a POSIX distribution from a source archive or directory
       to a target archive directory.  Neither swcopy nor any component of
       swbis is required on the target host, however, the target host must
       look like a Unix system at the shell and command-line utility level.
       Remote network connections are made by ssh.  Ssh is the default but rsh
       can be selected by a command line option.

       Before and during data transfer to the target, the distribution is
       audited.  Package auditing includes parsing the INDEX and INFO meta-
       data files.  The package pathnames are checked for consistency with a
       valid layout.  swcopy can be made to operate on arbitrary data or
       archives not in POSIX format by using the --no-audit option.  By
       default and with no external influences (i.e. swdefaults file) swcopy
       will read a archive on stdin and write an audited archive on stdout.
       The uncompressed audited output file will be identical to the
       uncompressed input file unless an error occurs.  Compressed archives
       that are audited will be re-compressed in the same format, however, the
       resulting file may not be identical to the input file (i.e. date,
       filename, and other stored data in the compressed format will be
       different).

       swcopy operates on serial archives (e.g. compressed tar archives) or on
       file system directories.  It will attempt to preserve the form (archive
       or directory) and compression state of the source object.  An exception
       is "." as a target (See Implementation Extensions below).

OPTIONS

       -f FILE

              Reads software_selections from FILE. (Not implemented).

       -p

              Preview the operation. Information is written to stdout.  The
              target is not written and no remote connections are established.


       -s SOURCE

              Specify the source file SOURCE, "-" is standard input.  The
              syntax is the same as for a target.  SOURCE may be a directory
              or archive file.

       -t targetfile

              Specify a file containing a list of targets (one per line).

       -x option=value

              Specify the extended option overriding the defaults file value.

       -X FILE

              Specify the extended options filename, FILE,  overriding the
              default filenames.  This option may be given more then once. If
              the resulting specified value is an empty string then reading of
              any options file is disabled.

       -v

              Given one time it is identical to -x verbose=2.  This option can
              be given multiple times with increasing effect.  (Implementation
              extension option).
              -v  is level 2, -vv is level 3,... etc.
                  level 0: silent on stdout and stderr.
                  level 1: fatal and warning messages to stderr.
              -v  level 2: level 1 plus a progress bar.
              -vv level 3: level 2 plus script stderr.
              -vvv level 4: level 3 plus events.
              -vvvv level 5: level 4 plus events.
              -vvvvv level 6: level 5 plus set shell -vx option.
              -vvvvvv level 7 and higher: level 6 plus debugging messages.
               The progress meter is suppressed if swcopy is using stdout for
              data.

       -b SIZE

              Set block size, same as --block-size=N (Implementation extension
              option).

       --version, -V

              Show version (Implementation extension)

       --help

              Show help (Implementation extension)

       -W option[,option,...]

              Specify the implementation extension option.
              Syntax: -W option[=option_argument[,option...]
              Options may be separated by a comma.  The implementation
              extension options may also be given individually using the
              '--long-option[=option_arg]' syntax.

       -W no-audit

              Defaults File Option: swbis_no_audit
              Do not audit the transferred file.  This allows copying of
              arbitrary data.

       -W audit

              Do audit the transferred file.  Useful for overriding
              swbisdefaults file.

       -W block-size=SIZE

              SIZE is number of octets.

       -W login

              Establishes a interactive shell on the (remote) target host.
              Intended for debugging/verifying ssh operation.

       -W gzip

              Compress output using gzip.

       -W bzip

              Compress output using bzip2.

       -W extract

              Install the source using the archive reading utility at the
              target.

       -W create

              Force copy as a tar archive

       -W no-extract

              For installation to a file, not as a tar archive to be
              extracted.

       -W pty

              Do use pseudo-tty.  The system Ptys are only used for the
              --login feature.  A warning is emitted to stderr which says that
              the usage may be insecure.

       -W no-pty

              Do not use pseudo-tty.  The system Ptys are only used by default
              for the --login feature, otherwise they are not used and this
              option would have no effect.  If ptys are used a warning is
              emitted to stderr which says that the usage may be insecure.

       -W uncompress

              Write output archive that is uncompressed.

       -W remote-shell=SHELL

              Defaults File Option: swbis_remote_shell_client
              Supported shells are "ssh" and "rsh", ssh is the default.

       -W quiet-progress

              Defaults File Option: swbis_quiet_progress_bar
              Disable progress bar, which is active for verbose levels 2 and
              higher (i.e. -v).

       -W show-progress

              Enables progress bar.(i.e. -v).

       -W show-options-files
              Show the complete list of options files and if they are found.

       -W show-options
              Show the options after reading the files and parsing the command
              line options.

       -W pax-command={tar|pax|star|gtar}
              Set the portable archive command for all operations.  The
              default is "pax".

       -W pax-read-command={tar|pax|star|gtar}
              Set the read command for local and remote hosts.

       -W remote-pax-read-command={tar|pax|star|gtar}
              Defaults File Option: swbis_remote_pax_read_command
              Set the read command for remote hosts.  This is the command that
              runs on the target (e.g. pax -r, tar xpf -).  The default is
              "pax".

       -W local-pax-read-command={tar|pax|star|gtar}
              Defaults File Option: swbis_local_pax_read_command
              Set the read command for local hosts.  This is the command that
              runs on the target (e.g. pax -r, tar xpf -).  The default is
              "pax".

       -W pax-write-command={tar|pax|star|gtar|swbistar}
              Set the write command for local and remote hosts.  This is the
              command that runs on the target (e.g. pax -w, tar cf -).

       -W remote-pax-write-command={tar|pax|star|gtar|swbistar}
              Defaults File Option: swbis_remote_pax_write_command
              Set the write command for remote hosts.

       -W local-pax-write-command={tar|pax|star|gtar|swbistar}
              Defaults File Option: swbis_local_pax_write_command
              Set the portable archive write command for local host
              operations.  This is the command that runs on the source (e.g.
              pax -w, tar cf -).  The default is "pax".

       -W remote-pax-write-command={tar|pax|star|gtar|swbistar}
              Defaults File Option: swbis_remote_pax_write_command
              Set the portable archive write command for remote host
              operations.  This is the command that runs on the source (e.g.
              pax -w, tar cf -).  The default is "pax".

       -W no-defaults
              Do not read any defaults files.

       -W no-remote-kill
              Defaults File Option: swbis_no_remote_kill
              Disables the use of a second remote connection to tear down the
              first in the event of SIGINT or SIGTERM or SIGPIPE.  Only has
              effect if the number of ssh hops is greater than 1.  A single
              host remote connection (ssh hop = 1) never uses a second remote
              connection.

       -W no-getconf
              Defaults File Option: swbis_no_getconf
              Makes the remote command be '/bin/sh -s' instead of the default
              'PATH=`getconf PATH` sh -s'.

       -W shell-command=NAME
              Defaults File Option: swbis_shell_command
              NAME may be one of "detect" "bash", "sh" or "posix" and
              specifies the command run by the remote shell.  The default is
              "detect".

       -W use-getconf
              Opposite of --no-getconf.

       -W allow-rpm
              Defaults File Option: swbis_allow_rpm
              Allows detection and translation of RPMs.  (--audit must also be
              set.)

       -W unrpm
              Turns on options --allow-rpm and --audit.

       -W source-script-name=NAME
              Write the script that is written into the remote shell's stdin
              to NAME.  This is useful for debugging.

       -W target-script-name=NAME
              Write the script that is written into the remote shell's stdin
              to NAME.  This is useful for debugging.

       software_selections

              Refer to the software objects (products, filesets) on which to
              be operated. (Not implemented).  The implementation defined
              behavior for no selections is to operate on the entire
              distribution.


       target

              Refers to the software_collection where the software selections
              are to be applied.  Allows specification of host and pathname
              where the software collection is located.  A target that
              contains only one part is assumed to be a hostname.  To force
              interpretation as a path, use a absolute path or prefix with
              ':'.


       Source and Target Specification and Logic

            Synopsis:
                 Posix:
                      host[:path]
                      host
                      host:
                      /path  # Absolute path

                 Swbis Extension:
                      [user@]host[:path]
                      [user@]host_port[:path]
                      :path

                 Swbis Multi-hop Target Extension:
                      # ':' is the target delimiter
                   # '_' delimits a port number in the host field

                      [user@]host[@@[user@]host[@@...]][:file]
                      [user@]host_port[@@[user@]host[@@...]][:file]

                      # Using ':', a trailing colon is used to
                      # disambiguate between a host and file.
                   # For Example,
                      :file
                      host:
                      host
                      host:file
                      host:host:
                      host_port:host_port:
                      host:host:file
                      user@host:user@host:
                      user@host:user@host:host:
                      user@host:user@host:file

            A more formal description:

            target : HOST_CHARACTER_STRING ':' PATHNAME_CHARACTER_STRING
                   | HOST_CHARACTER_STRING ':'
                   | HOST_CHARACTER_STRING
                   | PATHNAME_CHARACTER_STRING
                   | ':' PATHNAME_CHARACTER_STRING   # Impl extension
                   ;

              PATHNAME_CHARACTER_STRING must be an absolute path unless
                              a HOST_CHARACTER_STRING is given.  Allowing
                              a relative path is a feature of the swbis
                              implementation.

                       NOTE: A '.' as a target is an implementation
                             extension and means extract in current
                             directory.

                       NOTE: A '-' indicating stdout/stdin is an
                             implementation extension.

                       NOTE: A ':' in the first character indicates a filename.
                             This is an implementation extension.

              HOST_CHARACTER_STRING is an IP or hostname.

           Examples:
              Copy the  distribution /var/tmp/foo.tar.gz at 192.168.1.10
                     swcopy -s /var/tmp/foo.tar.gz @192.168.1.10:/root


       Implementation Extension Syntax (multi ssh-hop) :
           Syntax:
           %start   wtarget    # the Implementation Extension Target
                               # Note: a trailing ':' forces interpretation
                               # as a host, not a file.
           wtarget   : wtarget DELIM sshtarget
                     | sshtarget
                     | sshtarget DELIM
                     ;
           sshtarget : user '@' target # Note: only the last target
                     | target          # may have a PATHNAME, and only a host
                     ;                 * may have a user
           target   : HOST_CHARACTER_STRING
                    | PATHNAME_CHARACTER_STRING
                    ;
           user     : PORTABLE_CHARACTER_STRING  # The user name

           DELIM    : ':'   # The multi-hop delimiter.
                    ;

TARGET COPYING RULES

   Rules
       If a target directory on the host does not exist it will be created
       using mkdir -p using the file creation mask of the originating swcopy
       process.  A trailing slash in the target spec signifies that the last
       path component should be a directory.  A source spec that is a
       directory will be created on the target as a directory with the same
       name in the target directory.  If the source spec is stdin then the
       existence of directories in the target spec and a trailing slash in the
       target spec path determines whether the created file will be a regular
       file or directory, that is, stdin will be copied as a file unless the
       last target path component is a directory or ends in a slash '/'.  If
       the source spec is a regular file, the source basename will be used as
       the basename in the target if the last target path component is a
       directory or ends in a slash '/', otherwise, the target basename is the
       last path component of the target spec.  The implementation option
       --extract biases these rules to install using the archive reading
       command (e.g.  pax -r).

   Examples
              Copy a regular file via tar archive creation and extraction.
              This will preserve the permissions of the file to the extent tar
              can preserve them.

                swcopy --no-audit --create --extract -s :README @ HostA

               Copy a directory to another host

                swcopy --no-audit  -s /usr @ HostA:/usr/local/tmp/HostA/

               Copy several directories to another host as a compressed
              archive file.

                  swcopy --no-audit --no-extract \
                           -s /usr -s /etc @ HostA:/tmp/usr-etc.tar.bz2

               Install a tarball in the current directory: Note: Must use
              stdin as source and "." as the target.

                   swcopy --no-audit -s - @. < foo.tar.gz

               Copy thru a firewall:

                          swcopy -s /var/tmp/foo.tar.gz \
                               @root@host1:root@host2:/var/tmp

               Copy Stdin to a remote host:

                  Unpack the archive on stdin in the directory
                  /a/b/c if 'c' is a directory, otherwise copy
                  the archive file to a file named 'c' in
                  directory /a/b creating it if possible and
                  overwriting if required.
                      swcopy -s - @host1:/a/b/c

               Copy Stdin to a remote host:

                     Unpack the serial archive on stdin in the
                     directory /a/b/c if 'c' is a directory,
                     otherwise make the directory 'c' but fail if
                     directory 'c' cannot be created.
                         swcopy -s - @host1:/a/b/c/
                                   # Note trailing slash.

               Copy a regular file:

                 Copy file yy to directory /aa/bb/cc/ on the
                 remote host, creating it if required and possible.
                 If cc is a regular file then fail.
                    swcopy -s /xx/yy @host1:/aa/bb/cc/

               Copy a regular file thru intermediate host 'fw':

                     Copy file yy to home directory of user1 on host1
                     thru a an intermediate host fw,
                         swcopy -s /xx/yy @ fw:user1@host1:.

               Copy a directory from one host to another

                     Copy directory yy into directory cc if cc exists,
                     otherwise create cc and copy yy into it. If cc
                     is and copy as yy.
                         swcopy -s /xx/yy @host1:/aa/bb/cc

IMPLEMENTATION EXTENSIONS

   Software Specification Targets
       A dash '-' is supported and means stdout or stdin.  Operations with
       stdout and stdin on a remote host is not supported.

       A decimal '.' is supported and means the current directory.  This is
       supported for remote and non-remote targets.  If the source is standard
       input, the distribution will be unpacked (e.g. pax -r) in the directory
       '.'.  If the source is a regular file then a regular file in '.' will
       be created with the same name.

       Thus,

                  # swcopy -s `pwd`/myarchive.tgz @.  # Do NOT do this even
                                                      # though in most cases
                                                      # swcopy is a coward.

        will destroy the source file myarchive.tgz, whereas

                  # swcopy -s - @. <`pwd`/myarchive.tgz

        will install it with the configured archive reading utility.



   RPM Translation
       RPM (RedHat Package Manager) format packages are copied by first
       translating to an equivalent ISO/IEEE file layout in POSIX tar format
       and then copying as a POSIX package.  The RPM detection and translation
       occurs if the ''--allow-rpm'' option is on (either by the command line
       args or defaults file) and the ''--audit'' option is on.  If the
       ''--allow-rpm'' option is not set an error occurs.  If the ''--audit''
       is not set, the RPM is copied as arbitrary data and translation does
       not occur.

       Since translation is done on the local (management) host, RPM is not
       reqired on the remote (target) host.

       The translation is (internally) equivalent to :

          cat your-poor-poor-0.0.bin.rpm |
          /usr/lib/swbis/lxpsf --psf-form2 -H ustar |
          swpackage -Wsource=- -s@PSF

EXTENDED OPTIONS

       Extended options can be specified on the command line using the -x
       option or from the defaults file, swdefaults.  Shown below is an actual
       portion of a defaults file which show default values.

   Posix
       These options are set in the /usr/lib/swbis/swdefaults or the
       ~/.swdefaults

          autoselect_dependencies     = false      # Not Implemented
          compress_files              = false      # Not Implemented
          compression_type            = none       # Not Implemented
          distribution_source_directory   = -
          distribution_target_directory   = -
          enforce_dependencies        = false       # Not Implemented
          enforce_dsa                 = false       # Not Implemented
          logfile                     = /var/lib/sw/swcopy.log #Not Implemented
          loglevel                    = 1          # Not Implemented
          recopy                      = false      # Not Implemented
          select_local         = false      # Not Implemented
          uncompress_files             = false     # Not Implemented
          verbose                      = 1

   Swbis Implementation
       These options are set in the /usr/lib/swbis/swbisdefaults or the
       ~/.swbis/swbisdefaults file.

         swcopy.swbis_no_getconf = true # true or false
         swcopy.swbis_shell_command = detect # {detect|sh|bash|posix|ksh}
         swcopy.swbis_no_remote_kill = false # true or false
         swcopy.swbis_no_audit = false # true or false
         swcopy.swbis_quiet_progress_bar = false # true or false
         swcopy.swbis_local_pax_write_command=pax #{pax|tar|star|gtar}
         swcopy.swbis_remote_pax_write_command=pax #{pax|tar|star|gtar}
         swcopy.swbis_local_pax_read_command=pax #{pax|tar|gtar|star}
         swcopy.swbis_remote_pax_read_command=pax #{pax|tar|gtar|star}
         swcopy.swbis_allow_rpm = false  # true or false
         swcopy.swbis_remote_shell_client=ssh

RETURN VALUE

       0 if all targets succeeded, 1 if all targets failed, 2 if some targets
       failed and some succeeded.

NOTES

        Multiple ssh-hops is an implementation extension.

REQUISITE UTILITIES

       The swbis distributed utilities require bash, public domain ksh, or
       Sun's /usr/xpg4/bin/sh to be present on the target host.  If the
       swbis_shell_command extended option is set to 'detect' you don't have
       to know which one is present, otherwise you may specify one explicitly.

       A POSIX awk is required, and with the ability to specify several
       thousand bytes of program text as a command argument.  GNU awk  works,
       as does the ATT Awk book awk, and the awk on BSD systems.  See the
       INSTALL file for further details regarding a small issue with the
       OpenSolaris (c.2006) awk.

       Tar or pax is used for archive transfer.  You may specify which one.

       swcopy.swbis_local_pax_write_command=tar #{pax|tar|gtar}
       swcopy.swbis_remote_pax_write_command=tar #{pax|tar|gtar}

FILES

       /usr/lib/swbis/swdefaults
       /usr/lib/swbis/swbisdefaults
       $HOME/.swbis/swdefaults
       $HOME/.swbis/swbisdefaults

APPLICABLE STANDARDS

       ISO/IEC 15068-2:1999, Open Group CAE C701

SEE ALSO

       info swbis

       sw(5), swbis(7), swbisparse(1), swign(1), swverify(8)

IDENTIFICATION

        swcopy(8): The archive copying utility of the swbis project.
        Author: Jim Lowe   Email: jhlowe at acm.org
        Version: 1.13
        Last Updated: 2006-07
        Copying: GNU Free Documentation License

BUGS

       Swcopy is subject to breakage if a user's account on an intermediate
       (or terminal) host in a target spec is not configured to use a Bourne
       compatible shell. (This breakage may be eliminated by use of the --no-
       getconf option as explained above.)

       A multiple ssh hop source spec  (more than 1 remote host involved in
       the source transfer) upon a SIGINT may result in sshd and ssh processes
       being left on on the intermediate host(s), this despite, swcopy's
       action of sending a SIGTERM to the remote script's parent process.

       Swcopy does not currently implement Software Selections nor the events
       of the Selection and Analysis Phases nor dependency copying nor fileset
       state transitions.  The Execution (copying) phase is done on the entire
       distribution by the utility selected in .../swbisdefaults which is
       pax(1) by default.  Pax is not found on all GNU/Linux systems.  Also,
       the pax version shipped with some (older) GNU/Linux systems mangles the
       pathname of files whose pathname is exactly 100 octets long.  Despite
       this pax is the the builtin default.  GNU tar is widely used and
       trusted but creates non-standard archives for long pathnames.  Perhaps
       the best compromise is to use star (with -H ustar header option)  for
       archive creation and (GNU) tar for archive reading.  If your
       environment is 100% GNU/Linux using GNU tar is safe (GNU tar 1.13.25 is
       recommended).  Swcopy does not support using the cpio utility since its
       archive writing interface is unlike pax and tar, although, future
       support is possible for archive reading.



                                                                     swcopy(8)