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3 Output of entire files

These commands read and write entire files, possibly transforming them in some way.

• cat: Concatenate and write files
• tac: Concatenate and write files in reverse
• nl: Number lines and write files
• od: Write files in octal or other formats
• base32: Transform data into printable data
• base64: Transform data into printable data
• basenc: Transform data into printable data